Grammar
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〜まいとする
〜まいとする — Try not to do something; attempt to refrain from doing something (expresses conscious effort to avoid an action)
Read →〜ずにはいられない
〜ずにはいられない — Cannot help but be (a certain state); unable to refrain from being (expresses an uncontrollable state of being)
Read →〜ようか〜まいか
〜ようか〜まいか — Whether to do something or not; debating whether to do something (expresses hesitation or indecision)
Read →〜まい
〜まい — Will not do something; intend not to do something (expresses strong negative intention or negative conjecture)
Read →〜ずにはいられない
〜ずにはいられない — Cannot help but do something; unable to refrain from doing something (expresses an uncontrollable urge or emotion)
Read →〜がちの + Noun
〜がちの + Noun — A noun that is prone to...; a noun that tends to... (used to modify a noun with a tendency)
Read →Grammar lessons
〜にしては
〜にしては — For ~; considering ~ (often expresses something unexpected given the situation)
Read →〜からいうと
〜からいうと — From the perspective of ~; speaking from ~'s point of view
Read →〜ないうちに
〜ないうちに — 趁着还没发生某事的时候，赶紧做另一件事
Read →〜最中だ
〜最中だ — 表示正处于某种动作或状态的高潮、最热烈的阶段
Read →〜つつある
〜つつある — 表示某种变化或动作正在逐渐进行中（书面语，多用于客观描述）
Read →〜うちに
〜うちに — 趁着某种状态还没改变的时候做某事，或表示在不知不觉中发生了某种变化
Read →〜最中に
〜最中に — 正在做某事的过程中，发生了另一件事（强调动作正在进行时被打断或发生意外）
Read →[N/Na である] + にもかかわらず
[N/Na である] + にもかかわらず — Despite being [N/Na]. A formal structure used with nouns and na-adjectives to express contradiction.
Read →[V-た] + ものの
[V-た] + ものの — Even though I did... (but...). Specifically used to express that an action was taken, but the expected result did not fully follow.
Read →〜くせに
〜くせに — Even though / and yet (with criticism). Shows strong contradiction and often implies blame, criticism, or contempt toward the subject.
Read →〜ものの
〜ものの — Although / but. Admits the first clause is true, but the second clause shows a limitation or unexpected result. Slightly concessive tone.
Read →〜にもかかわらず
〜にもかかわらず — Despite / in spite of. Expresses that the second clause is unexpected given the first clause. Formal tone.
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