Grammar
Browse grammar content by JLPT level.
Not sure your level? Take the quiz →
Recommended lessons
〜まいとする
〜まいとする — Try not to do something; attempt to refrain from doing something (expresses conscious effort to avoid an action)
Read →〜ずにはいられない
〜ずにはいられない — Cannot help but be (a certain state); unable to refrain from being (expresses an uncontrollable state of being)
Read →〜ようか〜まいか
〜ようか〜まいか — Whether to do something or not; debating whether to do something (expresses hesitation or indecision)
Read →〜まい
〜まい — Will not do something; intend not to do something (expresses strong negative intention or negative conjecture)
Read →〜ずにはいられない
〜ずにはいられない — Cannot help but do something; unable to refrain from doing something (expresses an uncontrollable urge or emotion)
Read →〜がちの + Noun
〜がちの + Noun — A noun that is prone to...; a noun that tends to... (used to modify a noun with a tendency)
Read →Grammar lessons
Vることになっている + んです
Vることになっている + んです — It's that it's been decided/arranged that... (adding explanation or emphasis, often used when giving a reason or clarifying a rule)
Read →Nの + ことになる
Nの + ことになる — It means that... / It amounts to... (explaining the implication or consequence of a situation, often leading to a specific interpretation)
Read →Vる/Vない + ことになっている
Vる/Vない + ことになっている — It is decided/arranged that... / It is a rule that... (expressing an established rule, custom, or pre-arranged plan)
Read →Vる/Vない + ことになる
Vる/Vない + ことになる — It has been decided that... / It turns out that... (expressing a decision or outcome that is beyond the speaker's personal control, often made by a group or external circumstances)
Read →VてもVなくても
VてもVなくても — Whether... or not... (presenting two contrasting conditions)
Read →疑問詞〜ても
疑問詞〜ても — No matter who/what/when/where/how... (with question words like だれ、なに、いつ)
Read →Vてもかまいません
Vてもかまいません — It's okay even if... / ...is not a problem (giving permission)
Read →Vてもいいですか
Vてもいいですか — May I...? / Is it okay if I...? (asking for permission)
Read →Vて／Aくて／NAで／Nでも
Vて／Aくて／NAで／Nでも — Even if... (expressing that the result is unchanged regardless of the condition)
Read →Vやすい／Vにくい + N
Vやすい／Vにくい + N — A noun that is easy/hard to (verb). Functions as an adjective modifying a noun (e.g., 読みやすい本 - an easy-to-read book).
Read →Nが + Vやすい / Vにくい
Nが + Vやすい / Vにくい — (Noun) is easy/hard to (verb). The particle が often marks the object or subject that is easy/hard to act upon.
Read →Vやすい / Vにくい (as い-adjectives)
Vやすい / Vにくい (as い-adjectives) — The resulting forms (〜やすい／〜にくい) conjugate as regular い-adjectives (e.g., やすかった、やすくない).
Read →Want the complete JLPT system (N5 → N1)?
Want the complete JLPT system (N5 → N1)?