Grammar
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〜まいとする
〜まいとする — Try not to do something; attempt to refrain from doing something (expresses conscious effort to avoid an action)
Read →〜ずにはいられない
〜ずにはいられない — Cannot help but be (a certain state); unable to refrain from being (expresses an uncontrollable state of being)
Read →〜ようか〜まいか
〜ようか〜まいか — Whether to do something or not; debating whether to do something (expresses hesitation or indecision)
Read →〜まい
〜まい — Will not do something; intend not to do something (expresses strong negative intention or negative conjecture)
Read →〜ずにはいられない
〜ずにはいられない — Cannot help but do something; unable to refrain from doing something (expresses an uncontrollable urge or emotion)
Read →〜がちの + Noun
〜がちの + Noun — A noun that is prone to...; a noun that tends to... (used to modify a noun with a tendency)
Read →Grammar lessons
Verb/い-adj (plain form) + そうです
Verb/い-adj (plain form) + そうです — It looks like... / It appears that... (based on direct observation)
Read →N(に) + V(Causative)
N(に) + V(Causative) — To make/let N do V. Indicates the person who is made/allowed to perform the action.
Read →N(に/から) + V(Passive)
N(に/から) + V(Passive) — To be V-ed by N. Indicates the person/thing (agent) performing the action in a passive sentence.
Read →V(ない形) + せられる/させられる
V(ない形) + せられる/させられる — To be made to do V. Expresses being forced or made to do something against one's will.
Read →V(ない形) + せる/させる
V(ない形) + せる/させる — To make/let someone do V. Expresses causing or allowing someone to perform an action.
Read →V(ない形) + れる/られる
V(ない形) + れる/られる — To be V-ed (by someone). Expresses that the subject is affected by someone else's action, often with a nuance of inconvenience or suffering.
Read →〜てもらえませんか
〜てもらえませんか — A polite way to make a request meaning 'Could you please do (verb) for me?'
Read →〜てあげる/もらう/くれる (Polite Form)
〜てあげる/もらう/くれる (Polite Form) — Polite forms used in formal situations. Same meanings as the plain forms but respectful.
Read →Aは/が (私に) 〜てくれる
Aは/が (私に) 〜てくれる — Person A does something for me (or someone in my in-group). Shows gratitude from the speaker's perspective.
Read →Aは/が Bに/から 〜てもらう
Aは/が Bに/から 〜てもらう — Person A receives the favor of someone (Person B) doing something. Speaker's perspective is with Person A (the receiver).
Read →Aは/が Bに 〜てあげる
Aは/が Bに 〜てあげる — Person A does something for Person B (giving a favor). Speaker's perspective is with Person A.
Read →〜ば〜ほど
〜ば〜ほど — The more... the more... (expresses proportional relationship).
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