Grammar
Browse grammar content by JLPT level.
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〜まいとする
〜まいとする — Try not to do something; attempt to refrain from doing something (expresses conscious effort to avoid an action)
Read →〜ずにはいられない
〜ずにはいられない — Cannot help but be (a certain state); unable to refrain from being (expresses an uncontrollable state of being)
Read →〜ようか〜まいか
〜ようか〜まいか — Whether to do something or not; debating whether to do something (expresses hesitation or indecision)
Read →〜まい
〜まい — Will not do something; intend not to do something (expresses strong negative intention or negative conjecture)
Read →〜ずにはいられない
〜ずにはいられない — Cannot help but do something; unable to refrain from doing something (expresses an uncontrollable urge or emotion)
Read →〜がちの + Noun
〜がちの + Noun — A noun that is prone to...; a noun that tends to... (used to modify a noun with a tendency)
Read →Grammar lessons
〜なら
〜なら — If it's the case that... / Given that... (often used based on information or context provided).
Read →〜たら
〜たら — If/when (specific situation, often for one-time events). Also used for suggestions ('if you do...').
Read →〜ば
〜ば — If (conditional). Emphasizes the condition itself. Often used for general truths or requirements.
Read →〜と
〜と — When/if (natural consequence, habitual action, discovery). Often used for inevitable results.
Read →Vて
Vて — Do [verb] (casual/abrupt command, used with close friends/family)
Read →Vるな / Vないで
Vるな / Vないで — Don't do [verb]! (strong/direct prohibition)
Read →Vなさい
Vなさい — Do [verb] (firm/authoritative command, often used by parents/teachers)
Read →Vないで + ください
Vないで + ください — Please don't do [verb] (polite prohibition)
Read →Vて-form + ください
Vて-form + ください — Please do [verb] (polite command)
Read →Past + つもりだ
Past + つもりだ — Expresses a belief or assumption about something that has already happened ("I believe that I did...")
Read →〜よていはない
〜よていはない — Indicates something is not scheduled or not in the plans
Read →〜つもりはない
〜つもりはない — Expresses a firm intention NOT to do something
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